Sugar Beet Folklore

I could not find folklore specific to the sugar beet.  However, there was folklore about the beet and folklore about sugar. 

Milk and Sugar: Parsi Folklore
There are many legends in India of how the Parsi's were allowed to settle there. The general story states that the priestly leaders were brought before the local ruler, Jadi, who presented them with a vessel filled to the brim with milk, to signify that the surrounding lands could not possibly accommodate any more people.  The Parsi head priest responded by sprinkling some sugar into the milk to signify how the strangers would enrich the local community without displacing them.  They would dissolve into life, like sugar dissolves into milk, sweetening the society but not unsettling it. (NPR)

Bhabha recounts Parsi New Year at his grandmother's house.
Homi Bhabha, professor of English and director of the Humanities Center at Harvard University, is also a Parsi from Bombay.

On Parsi New Year, Bhabha says, his mother always had new clothes made for the children and would bathe them in milk in which a sprinkle of sugar was added along with crushed rose petals.  The family would then go to his grandmother's house where a long table was laden with auspicious foods, like fish for fertility.

"We drank this absolutely delicious milkshake-like drink, falooda, made of pink rosewater, sugar and ice cream and little jelly-bean like seeds, basil seeds," he says. "As I sipped my drink, I often recalled the founding story of the Parsi's dissolving like sugar in the milk." (NPR)

Beet Folklore with a basis in reality.
In Greek mythology, Aphrodite, the goddess of love, ate beets to enhance her appeal.  Some still consider beetroots to enhance beauty and provide aphrodisiac properties.  
The fact is, beets are a natural source of tryptophan and betaine, both substances that promote a feeling of well-being.  They also contain high amounts of boron, a trace mineral that increases the level of sex hormones in the human body.
Ancient Romans believed that beets and their juice promoted amorous feelings.  Eating beets may help your heart "beet" for that special someone. (Avey)

Avey, Tori. PBS Food: Discover the History of Beets. 8 October 2014. 30 October 2019.

NPR. NPR: Hidden Kitchens: The Kitchen Sisters. 20 March 2008. 30 October 2019.